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Dacia Ripensis
Dacia Ripensis ((ギリシア語:Δακία Παραποτάμια),〔Hierocles, ''Synecdemus'', 655.1. However Procopius in ''De Aedificiis'', 4.5.11 calls it Ῥιπησία.〕 English translation: "Dacia from the banks of the Danube")〔.〕 was the name of a Roman province (part of Dacia Aureliana) first established by Aurelian c. AD 283,〔: "The date must be A.D. 283, and it is obvious that Aurelian set up the boundary stones, one of which Gaianus restored. There were, then, two Dacias when Diocletian came to the throne and, therefore, Mr. Fillow has inferred that we should read in our List: Dacia , that is presumably Dacia Ripensis and Dacia Mediterranea. Aurelian's Dacia mediterranea might have included Dardania, and Dardania, Mr. Fillow thinks, was split off as a distinct province by Diocletian."〕 south of the Danube, after he withdrew from Dacia Traiana.
==History==
It is unclear whether Aurelian or the Emperor Diocletian replaced Dacia Aureliana with two provinces,〔 but by 285, there were two – Dacia Mediterranea with its capital at ''Serdica'' and Dacia Ripensis, with its capital at ''Ratiaria''. Later, these two "Dacias" along with Dardania, Lower Moesia, and Prevalitana constituted the Diocese of Dacia.
Ratiaria was established as the capital of Dacia Ripensis (it was previously a colony founded by Trajan located within Moesia Superior) and served both as the seat of the military governor (or dux) and as the military base for the Roman legion XIII ''Gemina''.〔: "When founded as a colony by Trajan, Ratiaria was within Moesia Superior: when Aurelian withdrew from the old Dacia north of the Danube and established a new province of the same name on the south (Dacia Ripensis), Ratiaria became the capital. As such it was the seat of the military governor (dux), and the base of the legion XIII Gemina. It flourished in the fourth and fifth centuries, and according to the historian Priscus was ("very great and with numerous inhabitants") when it was captured by the Huns in the early 440s. It appears to have recovered from this sack, but was finally destroyed by the Avars in 586, though the name survives in the modern Arcar."〕
According to Priscus, Dacia Ripensis was a flourishing province during the 4th and 5th centuries AD. During the early 440s, however, the Huns captured the province (prior to this, there were conflicts between the Romans and the Huns whereby the latter group captured Castra Martis through treacherous means〔: "What the Romans could not anticipate was that the Huns would take Castra Martis in Dacia Ripensis by treachery."〕). Even though the province recovered briefly from Hunnic rule, it was eventually decimated by the Avars in 586.〔 On a more specific note, Aurelian developed Dacia Ripensis on a stretch of the Danube specifically between Moesia Superior and Moesia Inferior.〔: "The emperor Aurelian formed two provinces of Moesia Superior and Inferior. In fact, Dacia Ripensis was formed out of a stretch of the Danube between Moesia Superior and Inferior, while Dacia Mediterranea was the old inland Balkan region of Dardania."〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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